2022 Introduction to Statistics in Research Mitchell 2nd ed

I N T R O T O R E S E A R C H : D A T A V I S U A L I Z A T I O N & C O M M O N S T A T T E S T S

Univariate data: working with a single variable. The researcher (coach) measures the height of all the basketball players.

Validity: a characteristic of measurement concerned with the extent that a test measures what the researcher actually wishes to measure.

Variable: Variables are any characteristic whose value may change from one individual to another. Data is the values for a variable from individual observations.

Variance: a measure of score dispersion about the mean.

Venn Diagram : A pictorial way of showing the relations among sets or events.

Z statistic : a construction of standardizing some other statistic. In a normal distribution, the following standard errors are associated with areas under the normal curve

Standard Error (Z) Percent of Area (both tails) Approximate Degree of Confidence

1.00

68.27 90.10 95.00 99.73

68% 90% 95% 99%

1.645

1.96

2.576

Table 38: Standard errors in a normal distribution

Z -table: https://people.richland.edu/james/lecture/m170/tbl-norm.html

Z test: a parametric test to determine the statistical significance between a sample distribution mean and a population parameter.

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