2022 Introduction to Statistics in Research Mitchell 2nd ed

I N T R O T O R E S E A R C H : D A T A V I S U A L I Z A T I O N & C O M M O N S T A T T E S T S

Mean - an average of the numbers.

Standard Error - measures the accuracy with which a sample distribution represents a population by using standard deviation.

Median - Exact middle of the set of values.

Mode - The most frequently occurring value.

This dataset has three numbers that repeat (19, 5, and 1). Therefore it is considered multimodal. Standard Deviation - It is an estimate of the dispersion. Remember, an outlier can greatly exaggerate the range. (you can also calculate this by using the formula in Excel of STDEV.S)

Kurtosis - Refers to the degree of presence of outliers in the distribution.

Skewness - This is a measure of the asymmetry of the distribution. You may have seen this drawn by a professor when they were explaining the bell curve.

There are three types:

1) a positive skew (long right tail), 2) a symmetrical distribution (the bell curve or the normal distribution), and 3) a negative skew (long left tail).

Table 68: Crime Data at colleges with Excel Descriptive Statistics.)

In a normal distribution, the tails on either side of the curve are exact mirror images of each other.

Don't worry if you feel like you don't get the language yet! It makes more sense the more you practice.

Descriptive Statistics in Excel Video , 2:37 minutes long – so just an overview. Mitchell, J. (2021, March 30). Descriptive Statistics in Excel. [Video]. YouTube. Available from https://youtu.be/-sWy5Z_wHSk

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