2022 Introduction to Statistics in Research Mitchell 2nd ed

I N T R O T O R E S E A R C H : D A T A V I S U A L I Z A T I O N & C O M M O N S T A T T E S T S

Paired Difference Histogram In SPSS 27, follow these steps to get the paired difference.

1) On the menu choose Transform> Compute Variable

2) Name the target variable “Difference”

3) In the numeric Pretest – Posttest (you can double- click the value or type it in)

4) Click OK

Table 143: Paired Difference

5) Your data will now have a new column called “Difference”

6) On the main menu choose Graphs > Legacy Dialogs > Histogram

7) Double-click the “ Difference ” in the Variable box

8) Make sure the “Display normal curve is checked.

Table 144: Histogram of Paired Difference

9) Add a title if you choose. Here is the illustration for this dataset:

Table 145: Histogram on paired difference

As you can tell, the paired difference data is normally distributed (remember this sample is huge (over 400 scores for the pretest and 400 scores for the posttest), so it would not NEED this, but I wanted you to see how to set up the difference.

161